European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
https://ej-med.org/index.php/ejmed
European Journal of Medical and Health SciencesEuropean Open Scienceen-USEuropean Journal of Medical and Health Sciences2593-8339<p>Authors retain the copyright of their work, and grant this journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.</p>Ganglioneuroma of the Sacral Spine: A Case Report and Literature Review
https://ej-med.org/index.php/ejmed/article/view/2272
<p> <span class="fontstyle0">Spinal ganglioneuromas are benign tumors that often present symptoms related to compression of nerve elements. They are generally rare. Treatment is essentially surgical, generally improves symptoms and is accompanied by a low probability of tumor recurrence. We describe the case of a 49-year-old man with a ganglioneuroma involving the right third sacral nerve root. Revealed by a cauda equina syndrome. Treatment consisted of complete excision of the tumor. The outcome was favorable, with slight recovery of genito-phincter disorders after 6 months.</span> </p>Jihane LimiAbdoulaye DiopMortada JihedSrour Robin
Copyright (c) 2025 Jihane Limi, Abdoulaye Diop, Mortada Jihed, Srour Robin
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2025-04-112025-04-1172868710.24018/ejmed.2025.7.2.2272Correlation between Endothelin-1 Levels and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia
https://ej-med.org/index.php/ejmed/article/view/2270
<p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Introduction</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">Preeclampsia is a common obstetric complication worldwide associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after the 20th week of gestation which can result in eclampsia and multiple organ failure. The increased release of ET-1 in preeclampsia may have vascular constrictor effects and therefore the high concentration of ET-1 may be related to hypertension, because ET-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor. Estimation of association between ET-1 and mean arterial pressure (MAP) would aid in defining the predictions for further progress of the preeclamptic women into severe disease.</span></p> <p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Method</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">This study is an analytic correlational study carried out at the Prof. Dr. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, with subjects of pregnant women with preeclampsia who met the inclusion criteria. MAP was recorded and the serum samples were collected for ET-1 level measurement with the ELISA method. A consecutive sampling method was used to achieve a sample size of 50 participants.</span></p> <p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">The study found a significant positive correlation between ET-1 levels and MAP in preeclamptic subjects, suggesting that ET-1 elevation isassociated with increased MAP, further supporting the role of ET-1 in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia-related hypertension.</span></p> <p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: </span><span class="fontstyle2">ET-1 levels correlate positively with MAP, indicating a potential diagnostic marker for preeclampsia progression.</span> </p>Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya KusumaEndang Sri WidiyantiI Putu Aditya Indra Ardana
Copyright (c) 2025 Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya Kusuma, Endang Sri Widiyanti, I Putu Aditya Indra Ardana
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2025-03-252025-03-2572475010.24018/ejmed.2025.7.2.2270Comparison of Short-Term Outcome between Modified Extraperitoneal Uterosacral Ligament Fixation (MEUSL) and Sacrospinous Ligament Fixation (SSF) for Apical Vaginal Support
https://ej-med.org/index.php/ejmed/article/view/2269
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Prevention of apical prolapse during prolapse surgery is crucial to ensure a good outcome of the surgery. The choice of the best method for apical support remains debatable. This is a study comparing the surgical outcome between modified extraperitoneal uterosacral ligament fixation (MEUSL) and sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSF). This is a case-control study involving 42 patients with stage three and four pelvic organ prolapse (POP) looking into surgical failure, prolapse recurrence, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and operative complications. The results were analyzed using an independent t-test for normally distributed continuous data and a chi-square test for categorical data. A logistic regression analysis was also performed to predict the outcome. A </span><span class="fontstyle2">p</span><span class="fontstyle0">-value of </span><span class="fontstyle3"><</span><span class="fontstyle0">0.05 was deemed significant. MEUSL is less likely to have surgical failure at six months with an OR of 7.25 (p </span><span class="fontstyle4">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.03, CI 1.24–42.38). There is no difference in terms of lower urinary tract symptoms. Intraoperatively, MEUSL had a significantly higher blood loss as compared to the SSF group. MEUSL is an effective technique for the treatment of apical prolapse as it has a lower risk of surgical failure as compared to SSF. A future study regarding long-term outcomes between the two procedures is recommended to guide surgeons in choosing the best treatment option.</span> </p>Nurul Hikmah Mat NohZalina NuseeRozihan IsmailRiduan Mohd Taha
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Hikmah Mat Noh, Zalina Nusee, Rozihan Ismail, Riduan Mohd Taha
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2025-03-142025-03-1472141810.24018/ejmed.2025.7.2.2269Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in Kakonko District, Kigoma Region, Western Tanzania
https://ej-med.org/index.php/ejmed/article/view/2255
<p><em><strong>Background</strong></em>: Hypertension is a significant cardiovascular risk factor and a public health concern in low-income and middle-income countries, including Tanzania. However, data on hypertension is scarce in Tanzania. We investigated the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among motorcycle taxi drivers in Kakonko district, Kigoma region western Tanzania.</p> <p><em><strong>Method</strong></em>: We conducted a descriptive and cross-sectional study among motorcycle taxi drivers between Agost and November 2024. We enrolled 312 eligible participants for data collection by purposive sampling. The independent variables (exposure) of interest were Age, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, family history of hypertension, duration of motorcycle driving, BMI, duration of sleeping, and eating (fruits/vegetables). The outcome variable of interest was hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Descriptive and logistic regression was used during statistical analysis.</p> <p><em><strong>Results</strong></em>: The prevalence of hypertension was 34.6%. Factors that were positively associated with increasing odds of hypertension during both univariate and multivariate analysis were age above 30 years old, over weight and obesity.</p> <p><em><strong>Conclusion and Benefit of Results</strong></em>: The intervention for hypertension must also put much emphasis in addressing the problem of obesity and overweight. The results of this study are essential for the formulating health policies to improve the diagnosis, prevention and management of hypertension in Tanzania.</p>Getera Isack NyangiJackline Avelin MlayElizabeth Emmanuel Mackanja
Copyright (c) 2025 Getera Isack Nyangi, Jackline Avelin Mlay, Elizabeth Emmanuel Mackanja
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2025-04-112025-04-1172798510.24018/ejmed.2025.7.2.2255Trends and Factors for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Low-Risk Pregnancy from a Midwife Obstetric Unit in South Africa, 2018–2022
https://ej-med.org/index.php/ejmed/article/view/2263
<p><span class="fontstyle0">The trend of birth outcomes was recorded in a small number of research from rural South Africa. Using the most recent delivery data from 2018 to 2022, this study aims to measure trends and risk factors for context-specific demographic, obstetric, and antenatal care (ANC) for stillbirth and early neonatal deaths (ENND) of pregnant women who gave singleton births. All pregnant women who gave birth to singletons at Kwadabeka CHC (KCHC) between January 2018 and December 2022 were the focus of a retrospective cohort research. Of the total 4116 women, 60 (1.5%) delivered stillbirths and 4080 had live births. Of them, 36 were ENND, resulting in 8.8 per 1000 live births. Variables that were found to increase are ANC utilization rates from 95.4% in 2018 to a higher rate of 96.4% in 2022 (p </span><span class="fontstyle2">< </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.05), who received ANC at KCHC 41.4% in 2018 to 69.6% in 2022 (p </span><span class="fontstyle2">< </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.001). Variables that had a declining trend are BBA falling from 5.7% in 2018 to 3.8% in 2022 (p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.021) and neonatal PCR positive fell from 4.3% to 2.5 %, respectively (p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.001). Women having no ANC care had a higher OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">33.18 (95% CI:3.6-301.0, p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.002), and ANC visits between 1–3 had an OR of 9.6 (95% CI;1.2-75.0, p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.03) for ENND. Variables having higher OR for stillbirths are women who had ANC at other PHC facilities (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">1.91, 95% CI 1.91-3.32, p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.02), women who never had ANC (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">11.7, 95% CI:2.9-45.9, p </span><span class="fontstyle2">< </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.001) and ANC visits between 1–3 (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">4.1, 95% CI:1.38-12.1, p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.01). Variables that had lower OR for stillbirths are Pregnant women aged between 30–34 years (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.15, 95% CI:0.04-0.57, p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.005), women without HIV infection (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.56, 95% CI:0.31-0.89, p </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.008), without syphilis infection (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.29, 95% CI:0.09-0.92) and those women had no BBA (OR </span><span class="fontstyle3">= </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.16, 95% CI:0.08-0.34, p </span><span class="fontstyle2">< </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.001). There were no trends for ENND and stillbirth. However, there were decreasing trends in BBA and PCR positivity rates. There were increasing trends for having ANC and having ANC at KCHC. Having no ANC or lower numbers of ANC visits were the strong risk factors for ENNDs and stillbirths. The other risk factors for stillbirths were maternal age, ANC at other PHC clinics, BBA, HIV, and syphilis infections. We suggest continuing to strengthen and promote early ANC attendance and increasing the number of ANC visits. Further studies are encouraged to identify the quality of ANC and the delivery practices that have been implemented.</span> </p>Akm Monjurul HoqueMaariyah HoqueRafiul HoqueSomaya Buckus
Copyright (c) 2025 Akm Monjurul Hoque, Maariyah Hoque, Rafiul Hoque, Somaya Buckus
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2025-03-252025-03-2572516010.24018/ejmed.2025.7.2.2263