Cardiovascular Complications Associated with COVID-19 Infection



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Submitted Jun 12, 2020
Published Jul 10, 2020
10.24018/ejmed.2020.2.4.343

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COVID-19 has spread worldwide and caused pneumonia-like illness similar to that caused by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Apart from lung injury, coronaviruses cause severe cardiovascular disorders. Studies have confirmed that COVID-19 uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter the host cell similar to SARS-CoV. ACE2 receptors are found in various body organs including lungs, heart in kidneys. The most common complication observed are acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute cardiac injury and cardiovascular disorders including myocarditis, cardiac arrythmias and myocardial infarction. It can also cause acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. Almost 20% of patients progress to severe condition. Patients with underlying cardiovascular disorders have poor prognosis. It is believed that ACEI/ARBS can alleviate the cardiovascular problems in COVID-19 patients. Hence, the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and complications should be carefully considered.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, 2019 Novel Coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, Coronaviridae, Cardiovascular diseases, ACE1, ACE2, Diabetes, Hypertension, Hypotension, Bradycardia, Arrythmias, Myocarditis, Acute cardiac injury, Shock, Sudden cardiac death, Myocardial infarction (MI), Epidemiology of COVID-19, Cardiovascular complications, Cardiovascular comorbidities, Myocardial injury, Heart failure, Renal failure, Liver failure

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